Numerous investigations have been done to determine the role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is present in high concentrations in the cell membranes of the brain. These studies have demonstrated that DHA can lessen microglial cells' inflammatory reactions. The manner of action, however, is not well understood. Here, we discuss how DHA affects microglial cells that have been activated by lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). In a hybrid trapped ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer, data were collected utilising the parallel accumulation serial fragmentation approach. Label-free quantitative proteomics has found more than 2800 proteins. LPSs and/or DHA exposure caused alterations in cell shape and the expression of proteins with varying levels of abundance.

The information in the data reveals specifics about the pathways that are affected in this system, such as the nuclear factor - light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-B) pathway. The results of studies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blots are utilised to support the proteomic findings. You can access the MS data at ProteomeXchange.

One of the most popular dietary supplements eaten by people is fish oil. An increasing body of research suggests that DHA and similar metabolites have anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects on cells because of their many roles, which can slow the progression of inflammatory disorders. The resident immune cells in the CNS known as microglial cells are acknowledged as an essential cellular sentinel of inflammatory reactions in the brain. These cells have a high level of dynamic activity, a broad range of complex pathways, and a variety of phenotypes that are influenced by both external and endogenous influences. Inflammatory responses between primary microglial cells obtained from the mouse brain and the murine immortalised BV-2 microglial cells were similar, according to research we recently conducted.

BV-2 microglial cells subsequently served as a useful model for research on the metabolic profiles of inflammatory and oxidative processes. An orbitrap mass spectrometer was used in a recent quantitative proteomics investigation to examine the proteome alterations in signalling pathways following stimulation of BV-2 cells with lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and interferon.