The objective of this study was to evaluate in individuals applications at clinical high risk of mental disorder with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI-MRI). This provides an important opportunity for pathological mechanisms of Schizophrenia Disease (SD) and Alzheimer Disease (AD), related to mental disorder. All disease is associated with abnormal activity distributed spatially in neural systems with mediate the motor and cognitive manifestations of this disorder in combination with processing and visualization techniques for Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DTI-MRI). It is possible that metabolic MRI studies have demonstrated that this illness is characterized by a set of reproducible functional brain networks that correlate with these clinical features. The time at which these abnormalities appear is unknown, as is their relationship to concurrent clinical and indices of disease progression. We therefore need to set vivo biomarkers that can distinguish the differing pathologies and their contribution to the clinical features of the conditions. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) utilizes the anisotropic nature of diffusion in neuronal white matter tracts. With neuronal degeneration, the mean diffusivity (MD) increases with the loss of structural barriers that restrict normal diffusion, and diffusion becomes less directionally oriented, which is associated with a reduction in fractional anisotropy (FA). Areas of reduced FA in subjects with lateral ventricle were found primarily in occipital parietal area with white matter tracts; in AD, it was also associated with reduced FA in the points the left thalamus.

Since that time, there have been many improvements in MR acquisition and image processing, such as: introduction of Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Functional MRI (fMRI) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). These advances have an appreciation of the critical role that the brain has in abnormalities of mental disorder-related diseases.

Our understanding of the neuropathology of schizophrenia and Alzheimer has increased dramatically over the past decade. MRI findings now confirm structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia and Alzheimer. These findings have widened the scope of both clinical and basic science research and have led to an important research focus on the neurobiology of this disorders. MRI structural findings in schizophrenia include: (1) ventricular enlargement; (2) medial temporal lobe involvement (amygdala, hippocampus and par hippocampal gyrus, (3) parietal lobe involvement (particularly the inferior parietal lobule and its subdivision into angular and supra-marginal gyrus); as well as, (4) the subcortical brain region, including the cerebellum, basal ganglia, corpus callosum, and thalamus. The pattern and number of abnormalities are consistent with a disturbance of connectivity within and between brain regions, most likely neurodevelopmental in origin.

suggest that not only functional, but also anatomical disconnection between brain regions may be involved in schizophrenia. This latter speculation has led to an interest in investigating white matter fiber tract abnormalities in schizophrenia

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