The pituitary is the principal endocrine gland in charge of controlling different physiological and metabolic functions. An effective method for doing a thorough investigation of pituitary protein expression is proteomics. This study describes how proteomics was used to map the key proteins in a healthy (control) pituitary. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to separate pituitary proteins using immobilised pH 3-10 gradient strips. Major protein patches that could be seen in the two-dimensional gel by silver staining were cut out, and the trypsin-digested proteins in these spots. Mass spectrometry was utilised to evaluate the tryptic digests, and the mass spectrometric data was then used to search the SWISS-PROT or NCBInr protein sequence databases to identify the proteins.

The majority of the proteins were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry peptide mass fingerprinting data. On the basis of product-ion spectra determined by post-source decay analysis and/or liquid chromatography-electrospray-quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry, several proteins were also identified. 38 distinct proteins have so far been associated with 62 noticeable protein spots. Important pituitary hormones, structural proteins, enzymes, and other proteins are among those that have been identified.

A pea-sized endocrine gland below the hypothalamus, the pituitary is connected to it. Because of all the different regulatory tasks it performs, it is referred to as the master endocrine gland. It comprises of an adenohypophysis, a posterior neural neurohypophysis, and an anterior glandular tissue mass that are all histologically unique. The morphological and anatomical characteristics of these lobes demonstrate separate embryological origins (dual origin). The oral ectoderm gives rise to the adenohypophysis, and the neural ectoderm gives rise to the neurohypophysis. The lobes are distinctive and specific in terms of their organisations, activities, and regulatory frameworks due to additional different markers in the genomic and proteomic expression profile. Their constitutive cells, hormone synthesis, stimulating factors, connective tissue components, and several other endocrinological activities are the main variations between the lobes.